http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003073.htm
9 j5 e. N7 E8 H% iCoughing up bloodEmail this page to a friendShare on facebookShare on twitterBookmark & SharePrinter-friendly version
8 w0 S# W! D8 W4 K8 g7 b9 o+ k0 H$ ACoughing up blood is the spitting up of blood or bloody mucus from the lungs and throat (respiratory tract).
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& H4 w* X( t# G, sHemoptysis is the medical term for coughing up blood from the respiratory tract.+ y1 @2 b, r9 l6 E: C
. _" D, |- Y1 D0 D3 x5 eConsiderations
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3 ` X6 u* Y, t) X2 f2 T- l5 j% }Coughing up blood is not the same as bleeding from the mouth, throat, or gastrointestinal tract.% T1 P. W# R' r4 Y4 u7 a/ m; r
/ m& O/ w" K/ J# |* z5 ~2 VBlood that comes up with a cough often looks bubbly because it is mixed with air and mucus. It is usually bright red, although it may be rust-colored. Sometimes the mucus may only contain streaks of blood.
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4 ?+ q1 ~# s: a" x ACauses
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A number of conditions, diseases, and medical tests may make you cough up blood, including:
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9 M1 @4 B, O, W$ A& m/ X+ v! oBlood clot in the lung
& H5 F2 w. E" ?& e5 BBreathing blood into the lungs (pulmonary aspiration)$ m6 ]/ r# X( y5 M8 Y! ?" M8 U
Bronchoscopy with biopsy
6 F1 s, ~! W2 n3 rBronchiectasis
# G& L3 d, `- v* ]; K$ u X, kBronchitis
" d: h9 c9 e* H8 O1 }) CCancer7 K k' c" W; f! ^% A2 d* @ A' y
Cystic fibrosis% e% `0 w" E8 V2 j9 Y
Inflammation of the blood vessels in the lung (vasculitis)
. z* S4 H8 a1 A; u8 W6 q wInjury to the arteries of the lungs
2 r, o( \! y+ j: k" o: \" s3 AIrritation of the throat from violent coughing (small amounts of blood)5 H: U R& E1 V. b8 U! p
Pneumonia or other lung infections
' @, Q( |! C+ @, w5 x' y- PPulmonary edema- \/ a) R2 V& W' e( Q
Systemic lupus erythematosus
0 X" a$ a% x; cTuberculosis4 u- j4 h; {% d* j' i7 ?& Q; F
Home Care
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; ^: g& }6 J) y- u7 @* cCough suppressants may help if this condition is due to throat irritation from violent coughing. However, cough suppressants may lead to airway blockages in some cases. Always check with your doctor before using them.* J2 Y0 F' D, k e5 a5 e
8 `8 m; B5 K1 xIt is very important to note how long you cough up blood, and how much blood is mixed with the mucus. Contact your doctor any time you cough up blood, even if you do not have any other symptoms.) U* ] w+ u4 ]2 o7 F% d1 B
8 s: L2 d' V& b$ G2 RWhen to Contact a Medical Professional1 C T s) p, n1 ]1 z
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Get medical help right away if you cough up blood and have:; L# J. l, k6 r6 T5 M
# Z" X, r5 V& B, `1 vA cough that produces more than a few teaspoons of blood
2 _' ?3 _! F+ z: E% p) I# E( z9 sBlood in your urine or stools; C* `. B- K, S
Chest pain
$ R+ O3 F. f$ a; X+ oDizziness, Z, s" a# t, b+ o/ f
Fever# L- m6 k) h: A- x1 ^1 x9 T
Light-headedness$ o# H: H/ G+ A7 t3 Y
Severe shortness of breath2 g8 O( f6 p+ p* D
What to Expect at Your Office Visit
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Z( l/ p0 d6 U/ vIn an emergency case, your doctor will give you treatments to control your condition. The doctor will then ask you questions about your cough, such as:( K8 E2 N/ p; k- n/ Y6 V% n
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Type* n5 u1 h% Z5 N( p# Z) F
Are you coughing up large amounts of blood (massive hemoptysis)?% U# ?2 C( b! P* y& g3 V* L
Can you see blood when you cough up something?+ H- c2 U$ q2 j' o9 ]
How many times have you coughed up blood?
, s: ~9 b! S& \4 i% ?Is there blood-streaked mucus (phlegm)?5 v' q+ |2 D8 w; b' G2 p5 t
Time pattern u3 u* B% @; t% f; p: l7 d" {
Did it begin suddenly?3 c. i7 L7 h' ^$ ^/ D
Has it increased recently?
( |* M1 r- _& I A; E( ?: VFor how many weeks has the cough lasted?
; c+ P# H! A; S4 ^1 [2 mIs the cough worse at night?9 @; D+ \( F& T* ^
What other symptoms do you have?
C0 z( A0 o( R: ]& \The doctor will do a complete physical exam and check your chest and lungs. Tests that may be done include:' ^6 U' ]4 F/ H
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Bronchoscopy, a test to view the airways y8 l# ^1 f; v j$ z" y
Chest CT scan
1 g9 n* A. A" e2 D( TChest x-ray
9 i7 e# L7 E' z9 b9 HComplete blood count
7 _& I$ z& w7 V( HLung biopsy
" X- t+ ?' W' n0 N$ ILung scan3 z- T: R. \0 t2 l
Pulmonary arteriography
$ q7 v. ~! L9 }/ D& m# xSputum culture and smear& v0 s! S! {3 v8 y
Test to see if the blood clots normally, such as PT or PTT |
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